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Table of Contents
1. What is Quantum Mechanics
2. What are the Postulates About
3. First Postulate
4. Example: A Qubit
5. Second Postulate
6. Why Unitary?
7. Gates, Operators, Matrices
8. Pauli Gates
9. Third Postulate
10. Measurement in the Computational Basis
11. Global Phase
12. Relative Phase
13. Fourth Postulate
14. Tensor Products
15. Separable States
16. Entangled States
17. Summary
Summary
Principles of Quantum Mechanics. Quantum Mechanics is a framework for the development of physical theories. It states four mathematical postulates that a physical theory must satisfy. The four postulates specify a general framework for describing the behavior of a physical system. Associated to any physical system is a complex inner product space known as the state space of the system. The time evolution of a closed quantum system is described by the Schrödinger equation. Unitary operations are the only linear maps that preserve norm. A measurement on a quantum system has some set of outcomes. Quantum measurements are described by a collection of measurement operators. A measurement on a quantum system has some set of outcomes. A measurement on a quantum system has some set of outcomes. A measurement on a quantum system has some set of outcomes.